Technologies for optimizing resume time for media agnostic usb

ABSTRACT

A method for operating a media agnostic universal serial bus (MAUSB) device includes a compute device having a link connection manager, a USB manager, and a state manager. The compute device establishes a link with a MAUSB device and a session with the MAUSB device. Subsequently to receipt of a sleep command for the compute device, the compute device transitions to a sleep state and terminates the link with the MAUSB device while keeping intact the session with the MAUSB device. The compute device transitions back to an active state in response to receipt of a wake command for the compute device. The compute device sends a wake request to the MAUSB device. If the MAUSB device responds to the wake request with an acceptance, then the compute device reestablishes the previous session with the MAUSB device. If instead an error is received, the compute device terminates the session.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/637,748, entitled “TECHNOLOGIES FOR OPTIMIZING RESUME TIME FOR MEDIAAGNOSTIC USB,” which was filed on Jun. 29, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No.10,445,108.

BACKGROUND

Compute devices may be connected to several peripheral devices. Many ofthese devices, including devices which implement a Universal Serial Bus(USB) interface, are foregoing the wired connection in favor of devicesthat reduce the clutter through limiting the use of wired connections.Throughout normal use of an average compute device, users may placetheir compute devices in a sleep mode periodically throughout the day.In addition, the compute device may implement a power saving settingthat periodically puts the compute device to sleep after a period ofinactivity.

When the compute device wakes up from the sleep state, the computedevice reconnects to the USB devices, which may require enumerating thevarious USB devices. The process of enumerating the various USB devicesmay take several seconds and impede the use of the USB devices rightaway. The effect can be compounded when a USB hub is used to furtherconnect multiple USB differences.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The concepts described herein are illustrated by way of example and notby way of limitation in the accompanying figures. For simplicity andclarity of illustration, elements illustrated in the figures are notnecessarily drawn to scale. Where considered appropriate, referencelabels have been repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding oranalogous elements.

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of at least one embodiment of asystem for optimizing a resume time for a media agnostic USB (MAUSB)session by a compute device;

FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of at least one embodiment of anenvironment of a host compute device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of at least one embodiment of anenvironment of an MAUSB device of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 4 and 5 are a simplified flow diagram of at least one embodimentof a method for optimizing a resume time for a MAUSB session that may beexecuted by the host compute device of FIGS. 1 and 2; and

FIGS. 6 and 7 are a simplified flow diagram of at least one embodimentof a method optimizing a resume time for a MAUSB session that may beexecuted by the MAUSB device of FIGS. 1 and 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

While the concepts of the present disclosure are susceptible to variousmodifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof havebeen shown by way of example in the drawings and will be describedherein in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is nointent to limit the concepts of the present disclosure to the particularforms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover allmodifications, equivalents, and alternatives consistent with the presentdisclosure and the appended claims.

References in the specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,”“an illustrative embodiment,” etc., indicate that the embodimentdescribed may include a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic, but every embodiment may or may not necessarily includethat particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, suchphrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further,when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described inconnection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within theknowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure,or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or notexplicitly described. Additionally, it should be appreciated that itemsincluded in a list in the form of “at least one A, B, and C” can mean(A); (B); (C); (A and B); (A and C); (B and C); or (A, B, and C).Similarly, items listed in the form of “at least one of A, B, or C” canmean (A); (B); (C); (A and B); (A and C); (B and C); or (A, B, and C).

The disclosed embodiments may be implemented, in some cases, inhardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. The disclosedembodiments may also be implemented as instructions carried by or storedon a transitory or non-transitory machine-readable (e.g.,computer-readable) storage medium, which may be read and executed by oneor more processors. A machine-readable storage medium may be embodied asany storage device, mechanism, or other physical structure for storingor transmitting information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., avolatile or non-volatile memory, a media disc, or other media device).

In the drawings, some structural or method features may be shown inspecific arrangements and/or orderings. However, it should beappreciated that such specific arrangements and/or orderings may not berequired. Rather, in some embodiments, such features may be arranged ina different manner and/or order than shown in the illustrative figures.Additionally, the inclusion of a structural or method feature in aparticular figure is not meant to imply that such feature is required inall embodiments and, in some embodiments, may not be included or may becombined with other features.

Referring now to FIG. 1, an illustrative system 100 for optimizing aresume time for a media agnostic universal serial bus (MAUSB) sessionincludes a host compute device 102 and a network 104 to connect the hostcompute device 102 to a MAUSB device 106 which is connected to a USBdevice 108. Although FIG. 1 shows only one host compute device 102, oneMAUSB device 106, and one USB device 108, the system 100 may includeadditional host compute devices 102 and MAUSB devices 106 that may beconnected together via the network 104. In addition, the system mayinclude additional USB devices 108 connected to the MAUSB device 106. Inuse, as described below, a host compute device 102 may establish awireless link with a MAUSB device 106 and subsequently establish a MAUSBsession with the MAUSB device 106. If the host compute device 102 entersa low power state such as a sleep state, the host compute device 102 mayterminate the wireless link. However, the host compute device 102 andthe MAUSB device 106 may maintain the MAUSB session, allowing the system100 to optimize resume time of a MAUSB session when the host computedevice 102 leaves the sleep state. The host compute device 102 maymaintain the enumeration of all of the USB devices that are used in theMAUSB session, which improves the resume time by eliminating the timethat would be needed to enumerate all of the USB devices upon restoringthe link between the host compute device 102 and the MAUSB device 106.

The host compute device 102 may be embodied as any type of computationor computer device capable of performing the functions described herein,including, without limitation, a computer, a server, a rack-mountedserver, a workstation, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebookcomputer, a tablet computer, a mobile computing device, a wearablecomputing device, a network appliance, a web appliance, a distributedcomputing system, a processor-based system, and/or a consumer electronicdevice. As shown in FIG. 1, the host compute device 102 illustrativelyincludes a processor 110, a memory 112, an input/output (I/O) subsystem114, a data storage device 116, a communication subsystem 118, and/orother components and devices commonly found in a host computer orsimilar compute device. Of course, the host compute device 102 mayinclude other or additional components, such as those commonly found ina host computer (e.g., various input/output devices). In someembodiments, the host compute device 102 may include peripheral devices120. Additionally, in some embodiments, one or more of the illustrativecomponents may be incorporated in, or otherwise form a portion of,another component. For example, the memory 112, or portions thereof, maybe incorporated in the processor 110 in some embodiments.

The processor 110 may be embodied as any type of processor capable ofperforming the functions described herein. For example, the processor110 may be embodied as a single or multi-core processor(s), digitalsignal processor, microcontroller, or other processor orprocessing/controlling circuit. The memory 112 may be embodied as anytype of volatile or non-volatile memory or data storage capable ofperforming the functions described herein. In operation, the memory 112may store various data and software used during operation of the computedevice 102 such operating systems, applications, programs, libraries,and drivers. The memory 112 is communicatively coupled to the processor110 via the I/O subsystem 114, which may be embodied as circuitry and/orcomponents to facilitate input/output operations with the processor 110,the memory 112, and other components of the host compute device 102. Forexample, the I/O subsystem 114 may be embodied as, or otherwise include,memory controller hubs, input/output control hubs, sensor hubs, firmwaredevices, communication links (i.e., point-to-point links, bus links,wires, cables, light guides, printed circuit board traces, etc.) and/orother components and subsystems to facilitate the input/outputoperations. In some embodiments, the I/O subsystem 114 may form aportion of a system-on-a-chip (SoC) and be incorporated, along with theprocessor 110, the memory 112, and other components of the host computedevice 102, on a single integrated circuit chip.

The data storage device 116 may be embodied as any type of device ordevices configured for short-term or long-term storage of data such as,for example, memory devices and circuits, memory cards, hard diskdrives, solid-state drives, non-volatile flash memory, or other datastorage devices. The host compute device 102 may also include acommunications subsystem 118, which may be embodied as any communicationcircuit, device, or collection thereof, capable of enablingcommunications between the host compute device 102 and the MAUSB deviceover the network 104. For example, the communications subsystem 118 maybe embodied as or otherwise include a network interface controller (NIC)for sending and/or receiving network data with remote devices. Thecommunications subsystem 118 may be configured to use any one or morecommunication technology (e.g., wired or wireless communications) andassociated protocols (e.g., Ethernet, InfiniBand®, Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®,WiMAX, 3G, 4G LTE, etc.) to effect such communication. It should beappreciated that, as described in more detail below, communicationbetween the host compute device 102 and the MAUSB device 106 may beperformed with use of the communications subsystem 118.

The host compute device 102 may further include one or more peripheraldevices 120. The peripheral devices 120 may include any number ofadditional input/output devices, interface devices, and/or otherperipheral devices. For example, in some embodiments, the peripheraldevices 120 may include a touch screen, graphics circuitry, a graphicalprocessing unit (GPU) and/or processor graphics, an audio device, amicrophone, a camera, a keyboard, a mouse, a network interface, and/orother input/output devices, interface devices, and/or peripheraldevices.

As shown in FIG. 1, the system 100 includes a network 104. The network104 may be embodied as any type of network capable of facilitatingcommunications between the host compute device 102 and the MAUSB device106 and/or other remote devices. For example, the network 104 may beembodied as, or otherwise include, a wired or wireless local areanetwork (LAN), a wired or wireless wide area network (WAN), a cellularnetwork, and/or a publicly-accessible, global network such as theInternet. As such, the network 104 may include any number of additionaldevices, such as additional computers, routers, and switches, tofacilitate communications thereacross.

As shown in FIG. 1, the system 100 includes a MAUSB device 106. TheMAUSB device 106 may be embodied as any type of computation or computerdevice capable of performing the functions described herein, including,without limitation, a computer, a server, a rack-mounted server, aworkstation, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer,a tablet computer, a mobile computing device, a wearable computingdevice, a network appliance, a web appliance, a distributed computingsystem, a processor-based system, and/or a consumer electronic device.The MAUSB device 106 may be any device capable of implementing aprotocol which allows for implementation of a Universal Serial Bus (USB)protocol, such as the USB 3.1 specification released on Jul. 26, 2013,using a physical link other than direct wires from the MAUSB device 106to the host compute device 102. For example, the MAUSB device 106 mayimplement a USB protocol over an Ethernet connection, an InfiniBand®connection, a Bluetooth® connection, a Wi-Fi® connection, a WiMAXconnection, a 3G connection, a 4G LTE connection, etc. The MAUSB device106 may implement any suitable protocol or specification to do so, suchas the Wireless Universal Serial Bus Specification 1.1, published Sep.9, 2010, or the Media Agnostic Universal Serial Bus Specification 1.0a,published Jul. 29, 2015. In should be appreciated that the MAUSB device106 is not limited to implementations such as the Media AgnosticUniversal Serial Bus Specification 1.0a which explicitly use the term“media agnostic.” In some embodiments, the MAUSB device 106 may beembodied as a MAUSB hub with a full tree of USB devices 108. In otherembodiments, the MAUSB device 106 may be embodied as a singular MAUSBdevice 106 that is linked to the hosts compute device 102. As shown inFIG. 1, the MAUSB device 106 includes a processor 124, a memory 126, aninput/output (I/O) subsystem 128, a data storage 130, a communicationsubsystem 132, and/or other components and devices commonly found in aMAUSB device or similar compute device. Of course the MAUSB device 106may include other or additional components, such as those commonly foundin a MAUSB device (e.g. various input/output devices), in otherembodiments. In some embodiments, the MAUSB device 106 may includeperipheral devices 134. It should be appreciated that the peripheraldevices 134 may be integrated into the MAUSB device 106 and form a corecomponent of the functionality of the MAUSB device 106. For example, theMAUSB device 106 may be embodied as a printer, and the peripheral device134 may be embodied as the physical component capable of printing inkonto a sheet of paper. In the illustrative embodiment, the MAUSB device106 includes similar components to the host compute device 102. Thecomponents of the MAUSB device 106 are similarly embodied as thecomponents of the host compute device 102. Additionally, in someembodiments, one or more of the illustrative components may beincorporated in, or otherwise form a portion of, another component. Forexample, the memory 126, or portions thereof, may be incorporated in theprocessor 124 in some embodiments. Of course, it should be appreciatedthat, in many embodiments, the processor 124, the memory 126, etc., ofthe MAUSB device 106 may be less powerful than the correspondingprocessor 110, the memory 122, etc. in the host compute device 102.

As shown in FIG. 1, the system 100 includes a USB device 108 that isconnected to the MAUSB device 106. In other embodiments, there may beany number of USB devices connected to the MAUSB device 106 and/ordirectly to the host compute device 102. The USB device 108 may beembodied as any USB device capable of performing the functions describedherein.

Referring now to FIG. 2, in an illustrative embodiment, the host computedevice 102 may establish an environment 200 during operation. Theillustrative environment 200 includes a link connection manager 202, astate manager 204, and a USB manager 206. The various components of theenvironment 200 may be embodied as hardware, firmware, software, or acombination thereof. For example, the various modules, logic, and othercomponents of the environment 200 may form a portion of, or otherwise beestablished by, the processor 110 or other hardware components of thehost compute device 102 such as the memory 112. As such, in someembodiments, one or more of the components of the environment 200 may beembodied as circuitry or collection of electrical devices (e.g., a linkconnection manager circuit 202, a state manager circuit 204, a USBmanager circuit 206, etc.). It should be appreciated that, in suchembodiments, one or more of the circuit (e.g., the link connectionmanager circuit 202, the state manager circuit 204, the USB manager 206circuit, etc.) may form a portion of the processor 110, the memory 112,the I/O subsystem 114, and/or other components of the host computedevice 102. Additionally, in some embodiments, one or more of theillustrative components may form a portion of another component and/orone or more of the illustrative components may be independent of oneanother. Also, although illustrated as being established by a singlehost compute device 102, in some embodiments, the environment 200 may beestablished by several host compute devices 102 in communication overthe network 104. Further, in some embodiments, one or more of thecomponents of the environment 200 may be embodied as virtualizedhardware components or emulated architecture, which may be establishedand maintained by the processor 110 or other components of the hostcompute device 102.

The link connection manager 202 is configured to manage a physicalcommunication link with the MAUSB device 106. In the illustrativeembodiment, the link connection manager 202 includes a request buffer208. The link connection manager 202 may establish a link with the MAUSBdevice 106. The link may be embodied as any physical connection thatallows the host compute device 102 to communicate with the MAUSB device106, such as a connection over Ethernet, InfiniBand®, Bluetooth®,Wi-Fi®, WiMAX, 3G, 4G LTE, etc. In some embodiments, the link connectionmanager 202 may terminate the link with the MAUSB device 106 for variousreasons, such as when the host compute device 102 enters a low-powersleep state, as discussed in more detail below. When the host computedevice 102 wakes up and exits the low-power sleep state, the linkconnection manager 202 may reestablish the link with the MAUSB device106.

As discussed in more detail below, the USB manager 206 may send a wakerequest to the link connection manager 202 to be sent to the MAUSBdevice 106 after the compute device 102 exits the low-power sleep state.The request buffer 208 is configured to provide a buffer for the wakerequest in order to allow time for the MAUSB device 106 to reestablishthe link. It should be appreciated that the request buffer 208 mayreceive the wake request before the link connection manager 202 hasreestablished the link. The link connection manager 202 may buffer thewake request for a certain amount of time, and, if a link has not beenreestablished in that amount of time, the link connection manager 202may drop the wake request and notify the USB manager 206 of the error.

The state manager 204 is configured to control the power state for thehost compute device 102. In the illustrative embodiment, the statemanager 204 includes a USB state information storage 210. The USB stateinformation storage 210 may be embodied as any type of device or devicesconfigured for short-term or long-term storage of data such as, forexample, memory devices and circuits, memory cards, hard disk drives,solid-state drives, non-volatile flash memory, or other data storagedevices. The state manager 204 manages the power state of the hostcompute device 102 and transitions the host compute device 102 from thevarious states (active, inactive, sleep, etc.) to another state. Thevarious states may define certain characteristics of one or morecomponents of the compute device 102, such as the processor 110, thememory 112, the communication subsystem 118, etc. For example, dependingon the state, the processor 110 may flush the cache, suspend executionof instructions, be powered down, etc., and the memory 112 may remainpowered or the information in the memory 112 may be saved to disk.Additionally, depending on the state, power to certain components suchas the communication subsystem 118 may be turned off. As used herein,the sleep state refers to a state in which the processor 110 is in areduced power usage state or completely turned off, the communicationsubsystem 118 is turned off or in a reduced power usage state. In theillustrative embodiment, the memory 112 remains powered in the sleepstate. In other embodiments, the contents of the memory 112 may becopied to non-volatile storage such as the data storage device 116, andthen the memory 112 may be powered down for the sleep state. It shouldbe appreciated that, in such embodiments, the contents of the memory 112stored in the data storage device 116 may be copied back to the memory112 as part of transitioning from the sleep state to a wake state. Thestate manager 204 may receive a sleep command for the host computedevice 102. For example, the sleep command may be an input received bythe host compute device 102 from the user to enter a sleep mode or thesleep command may be generated by the state manager 204 if no input isreceived from the user after a certain period of time. After the statemanager 204 receives the sleep command for the host compute device 102,the state manager 204 may transition the host compute device 102 into asleep state, which may include notifying other components of the computedevice 102 such as the link connection manager 202 and the USB manager206 of the sleep command. While in the sleep state, the state manager204 may receive a wake command for the host compute device 102, such asby an input from the user to power on the host compute device 102 or arequest received by the communication subsystem 118. The state manager204 may then transition the host compute device 102 from a sleep stateto an active state and notify other components of the host computedevice 102 of the transition, such as the link connection manager 202and the USB manager 206.

The USB state information storage 210 is configured to store dataregarding the state of the MAUSB device 106 and any other USB devices108 in the established session. For example, the USB state informationstorage 210 stores data indicating whether the MAUSB device 106 is in asleep state, active state, etc. The data may be used by the host computedevice 102 to determine whether to terminate the session with the MAUSBdevice 106 as described in more detail down below.

The USB manager 206 is configured to establish and maintain a MAUSBsession with the MAUSB device 106 and any other USB devices 108 used inthe session. In the illustrative embodiment, the USB manager 206includes a session manager 212, an enumeration manager 214, and a USBdevice information storage 216. It should be appreciated that any of thecomponents of the USB manager 206 may be combined to simplify the designof the USB manager 206. For example, the session manager 212 and theenumeration manager 214 may be combined to be one manager to handle theenumeration and session management.

The session manager 212 is configured to establish, manage, andterminate a session with the MAUSB device 106. The session manager 212may send an initialize session message to the MAUSB device 106 after thelink connection manager 202 has established the link to the MAUSB device106 through the link connection manager 202. The session manager 212 maywait for a message confirming receipt of the initialization beforecompletion of the initialization process of the session. Alternatively,the session manager 212 may initialize the session with the MAUSB device106 after sending the initialize session message. After the session isestablished, the session manager 312 may facilitate the operation of theMAUSB device 106 by sending and receiving messages. As discussed above,the state manager 204 may transition the host compute device 102 to asleep state, and notify other components such as the session manager 312of the transition. In response to a notification of the transition to asleep state, the session manager 312 may send a sleep request to theMAUSB device 106, notifying the MAUSB device 106 that the host computedevice 102 is going to sleep. The session manager 312 may thentransition the session to a persistent inactive state while the hostcompute device 102 is asleep. It should be appreciated that the sessionmanager 312 may not terminate the session even if the physical linkconnection established by the link connection manager 202 is terminatedwhen the host compute device 102 goes to a sleep state.

When the compute device 102 wakes up, the state manager 204 may send anotification to other components such as the session manager 212notifying them of the transition. In response to the notification, thesession manager 212 may send a wake request to the MAUSB device 106 tothe link connection manager 202 to handle the wake request and send tothe MAUSB device 106. As discussed above, the link connection manager202 may buffer the wake request until the link to the MAUSB device 106is reestablished. The session manager 212 waits to receive a response tothe wake request from the MAUSB device 106. The session manager mayreactive the session with the MAUSB device 106 from a sleep state orpersistent inactive state to the active state if the MAUSB device 106responds with an acceptance of the wake request. Alternatively, thesession manager 212 may terminate the session if the MAUSB device 106responds with an error to the wake request, if the MAUSB device 106 doesnot respond at all, or if the wake request cannot be sent. The error maybe a result of a power cycle of the MAUSB device 106. The sessionmanager 212 may proceed with establishing a new session with the MAUSBdevice 106 after the session has been terminated. In some embodiments,if the link connection manager 202 establishes a connection to an MAUSBdevice 106, the session manager 212 may check whether it is the sameMAUSB device 106 associated with the session, such as by comparing themedia access control (MAC) address of the MASUBS device 106 associatedwith the session and the MAC address of the new MAUSB device 106. If theMAC addresses are not the same, the session manager 212 will terminatethe session.

The enumeration manager 214 is configured to handle the enumeration ofthe MAUSB device 106 and USB device 108 for use in the establishedsession with the host compute device 102. After the session isestablished by the session manager 212, the enumeration manager 214proceeds with enumeration of any MAUSB device 106 or USB device 108 tobe established in the enumeration tree for the established session.After enumeration, the enumeration manager 214 may store the data in theUSB device information storage 216. The USB device information storage216 may be embodied as any type of device or devices configured forshort-term or long-term storage of data such as, for example, memorydevices and circuits, memory cards, hard disk drives, solid-statedrives, non-volatile flash memory, or other data storage devices.

Referring now to FIG. 3, in an illustrative embodiment, the MAUSB device106 may establish an environment 300 during operation. The illustrativeembodiment 300 includes a link connection manager 302, a USB manager304, and a host manager 306. The various components of the environment300 may be embodied as hardware, firmware, software, or a combinationthereof. For example, the various modules, logic, and other componentsof the environment 300 may form a portion of, or otherwise beestablished by, the processor 124 or other hardware components of theMAUSB device 106 such as the memory 126. As such, in some embodiments,one or more of the components of the environment 300 may be embodied ascircuitry or collection of electrical devices (e.g., a link connectionmanager circuit 302, a host manager circuit 304, a USB manager 306,etc.). It should be appreciated that, in such embodiments, one or moreof the circuit (e.g., the link connection manager circuit 302, the hostmanager 30 circuit, the USB manager circuit 306, etc.) may form aportion of the processor 124, the memory 126, the I/O subsystem 128,and/or other components of the MAUSB device 106. Additionally, in someembodiments, one or more of the illustrative components may form aportion of another component and/or one or more of the illustrativecomponents may be independent of one another. Also, although illustratedas being established by a single MAUSB device 106, in some embodimentsthe environment 300 may be established by several MAUSB devices 106 incommunication over the network 104. Further, in some embodiments, one ormore of the components of the environment 300 may be embodied asvirtualized hardware components or emulated architecture, which may beestablished and maintained by the processor 124 or other components ofthe MAUSB device 102.

The link connection manager 302 is configured to manage a link with thehost compute device 102. Similarly to the link connection manager 202 ofthe host compute device 102, the link connection manager 302 of theMAUSB device 106 handles the establishing and terminating of the linkfor the MAUSB device 106. For instance, the link connection manager 302may establish a link with the host compute device 102, such as aconnection over Ethernet, InfiniBand®, Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®, WiMAX, 3G, 4GLTE, etc. In some embodiments, the link connection manager 302 mayterminate the link for various reasons, such as when the host computedevice 102 enters a low-power sleep state. When the host compute device102 wakes up and exits the low-power sleep state, the link connectionmanager 302 may reestablish the link with the host compute device 102.

The host manager 304 is configured to establish and maintain an MAUSBsession with the host compute device 102, similar to the USB manager 206of the host compute device 102. In the illustrative embodiment, the Hostmanager 306 includes a session manager 312, an enumeration manager 314,and a USB device information storage 316. It should be appreciated thatany of the components of the Host manager 306 may be combined tosimplify the design of the Host manager 306. For example, the sessionmanager 312 and the enumeration manager 314 may be combined to be onemanager to handle the enumeration and session management. It should beappreciated that, in some embodiments, the MAUSB device 106 may beconnected to one or more USB devices 108 or other MAUSB devices 106,such as when the MAUSB device 106 is embodied as a hub. In suchembodiments, the Host manager 306 may perform the same functionsdiscussed above for the USB manager 206. The Host manager 306 may act asan intermediary to the USB manager 206 and the additional USB device108.

The session manager 308 is configured to establish, manage, andterminate a session with the host compute device 102. The sessionmanager 308 is configured to operate as a complement to the sessionmanager 212. Accordingly, the session manager 308 may receive aninitialize session message from the host compute device 102 and send aconfirmation of the initialization to the host compute device 102. Thesession manager 308 may facilitate operation of the MAUSB device 102 bysending and receiving messages. In response to receiving a sleeprequest, the session manager 308 may place the MAUSB session into apersistent inactive state and wait for a wake request from the hostcompute device 102. It should be appreciated that the session manager308 may not terminate the session even if the physical link connectionestablished by the link connection manager 302 is terminated when thehost compute device 102 goes to a sleep state.

When the host compute device 102 wakes from the sleep state, it mayreestablish a physical link connection with the MAUSB device 106 andsend a wake request. The session manager 308 may send an acceptance ofthe wake request and transition the MAUSB session to an active state. Ifthe MAUSB device 106 reestablishes a physical link with the host computedevice 102 but does not receive a wake request, the MAUSB device 106 mayterminate the MAUSB session. For example, the MAUSB device 106 mayreceive an initialization message instead of a wake request, which wouldindicate that the host compute device 102 has terminated the previousMAUSB session due to, e.g., the host compute device power cycling.Additionally, the session manager 304 may check whether the host computedevice 102 the MAUSB device 106 is connected to is the same host computedevice 102 associated with the session, such as by comparing the mediaaccess control (MAC) address of the host compute device 102 associatedwith the session and the MAC address of the new host compute device 102.If the MAC addresses are not the same, the session manager 308 willterminate the session.

The host information storage 310 is configured to store data regardingthe state of the MAUSB session that has been established with the hostcompute device 102. For example, the host information storage 310 maystore data indicating a state of the host compute device 102, a state ofthe MAUSB session, information related to the host compute device suchas the MAC address, etc.

The USB manager 306 is configured to establish and maintain a MAUSBsession with any other MAUSB device 106 and any other USB devices 108used in the session. The USB manager 306 may be embodied as a cloudservice or user process on the MAUSB device 106. Similarly to the USBmanager 206 of the host compute device 102, the USB manager 306 of theMAUSB device 106 is used to manage the session and the USB devices 108used in that session. In the illustrative embodiment, the USB manager306 includes a session manager 312, an enumeration manager 314, and aUSB device information storage 316. It should be appreciated that any ofthe components of the USB manager 306 may be combined to simplify thedesign of the USB manager 306. For example, the session manager 312 andthe enumeration manager 314 may be combined to be one manager to handlethe enumeration and session management. Similarly to the functionalityof the USB manager 206, the USB manager 306 and its corresponding mayperform the same functions discussed above for the USB manager 206 andits corresponding components. The USB manager 306 may act as anintermediary to the USB manager 206 and the additional USB device 108.

Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, in use, the host compute device 102 mayexecute a method for optimizing the resume time for a MAUSB session. Itshould be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the operations of themethod 400 may be performed by one or more components of the environment200 of the host compute device 102 as shown in FIG. 2. The method 400begins in block 402, in which the host compute device 102 establishes alink to an MAUSB device 106. The link to the MAUSB device 106 may be awireless communication link such as a WiFi link, a Bluetooth link, etc.In block 404, the host compute device 102 establishes a new MAUSBsession with the MAUSB device 106. As detailed above, the host computedevice 102 may send an initialization message to establish the sessionwith the MAUSB device 106. The link is a connection between the hostcompute device 102 and the MAUSB device 106, whereas the sessionmaintains what devices are being used within the session. For example,the session is a record of which MAUSB devices 102 and USB devices 108are in a session with the host compute device 102.

In block 406, the host compute device 102 enumerates the MAUSB device106 and the USB devices 108 in a tree enumeration. The tree enumerationmay be a web of USB devices 108 connected to various hubs or MAUSBdevices 106. The tree enumeration maintains a record of which and howmany MAUSB devices 106 and/or USB devices 108 are in the establishedsession.

In block 408, the host compute device 102 uses the MAUSB device 106 andthe USB devices 108 during normal operation. For instance, the hostcompute device 120 may accept input from the MAUSB device 106, sendoutput to the MAUSB device 106, send commands to the MAUSB device 106,etc. In block 410, the host compute device 102 determines if the hostcompute device 102 has received a sleep command received. In someembodiments, the sleep command may be inputted by the user to put thehost compute device to a sleep state. Additionally or alternatively, thesleep command may be an automatic function of the host compute device102 for when the battery of the device reaches to a critical thresholdor when no input has been provided to the host compute device 102 for acertain period of time. If there is no sleep command received, then themethod loops back to block 408 to continue operation of the MAUSBdevice. However, if there is a sleep command input received, then themethod 400 advances to block 412.

In block 412, the host compute device 102 sends a sleep request to theMAUSB device 106. In some embodiments, the host compute device 102 maywait for an acknowledgement from the MAUSB device 106 that the sleeprequest was received. In alternative embodiments, the host computedevice 102 proceeds to block 414 after sending the sleep request to theMAUSB device 106.

In block 414, the host compute device 102 sets the MAUSB session to apersistent inactive state. The persistent inactive state may indicatethat the session is still intact between the host compute device 102 andthe MAUSB device 106 despite being inactive momentarily.

In block 416, the host compute device 102 transitions to a sleep state.In the illustrative embodiment, the host compute device 102 also endsthe link to the MAUSB device 106, ending the wireless connection betweenthe host compute device 102 and the MAUSB device 106.

In block 420, the host compute device 102 determines if there is a wakecommand received from an input by the system 100. In some embodiments,the user my input the wake command by turning on the host compute device102. However, in other embodiments the wake command may be generatedperiodically to ensure updates are received by the host compute device102. If there are no wake commands received, then the method 400 loopsback to the beginning of block 420 to continually check for a wakecommand. Alternatively, if the host compute device 102 receives a wakecommand, then the method advances to block 422.

In block 422, the host compute device 102 transitions from the sleepstate to an active state. Subsequently, in block 424, the host computedevice 102 sends a wake request from the session manager a linkconnection manager of the host compute device 102 as described above. Insome embodiments, in block 426, the host compute device 102 buffers thewake request to be sent to the MAUSB device 106, such as when thecommunication link to the MAUSB device 106 has not yet beenreestablished. In other embodiments, the communication link may bereestablished before the wake request is received by the link connectionmanager, in which case the wake request may be sent to the MAUSB device106 without buffering.

In block 428, the host compute device 102 reestablishes a link to anMAUSB device 106. It should be appreciated that the host compute device102 may not necessarily establish a link with the same MAUSB device 106.Of course, in some embodiments, no link may be available, in which casethe host compute device 102 would not establish a link with any MAUSBdevice. In block 430, the host compute device 102 determines if the linkis established with the same MAUSB device 106. If the link wasestablished with the same MAUSB device 106, then the method 400 advancesto block 432. However, if the link was established with a differentMAUSB device 106 (or if no MAUSB device 106 was available to link with),the method 400 branches ahead to block 436, in which the host computedevice 102 terminates the MAUSB session.

When the host compute device 102 reestablishes the link with the sameMAUSB device 106, in block 432 the host compute device 102 sends thewake request to the MAUSB device 106. In block 434, the host computedevice 102 waits to receive a response from the MAUSB device 106 asdescribed above. If the MAUSB device 106 accepts the wake request, thenthe method 400 branches ahead to block 442. However, if the MAUSB device106 sends an error to the wake request or does not respond at all, thenthe method 400 advances to block 436.

In block 436, the host compute device 102 terminates the MAUSB sessionby identifying that there is an error with the MAUSB device 106. Anexample of when an error could occur may be when the MAUSB device 106goes through a power cycle and has not saved the MAUSB sessioninformation. In block 438, the host compute device 102 establishes a newMAUSB session with the MAUSB device 106. After establishing the newMAUSB session, the host compute device 102 enumerates the MAUSB devices102 in block 440. The host compute device 102 may enumerate any amountof MAUSB devices 102 or USB devices 108 in a USB tree enumeration asdescribed above.

In block 442, the host compute device 102 continues the use of the MAUSBdevice 106. In the case that the host compute device reactivates theprevious session with the MAUSB device 106, the host compute device 102continues the session with the MAUSB device 106. In the case when a newsession was established with either the same or different MAUSB device106, then the host compute device begins use and session with the MAUSBdevices 106.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, in use, the MAUSB device 106 may executea method 600 for optimizing resume time for a MAUSB session. It shouldbe appreciated that, in some embodiments, the operations of the method600 may be performed by one or more components of the environment 300 ofthe MAUSB device 102 as shown in FIG. 3. The method 600 mirrors some ofthe operations of method 400 since these two methods may be runningconcurrently. It would be apparent that the methods 400 and 600 may beexecuted together by a system 100 that includes both the host computedevice 102 and the MAUSB device 106. The method 600 begins in block 602,in which the MAUSB device 106 establishes a link with a host computedevice 102 as described above.

In block 604, the MAUSB device 106 determines if a message is receivedfrom the host compute device 102. In the case that no message isreceived, the method 600 loops back around to block 604 to continuemonitoring for a message received from the host compute device 102. Whena message is received, the method 600 advances to block 606.

In block 606, the MAUSB device 106 determines whether the messagereceived by the host compute device 102 is an instruction to initializethe session. This message may be sent during the first connectionbetween a host compute device 102 and a MAUSB device 106. In otherembodiments, the message may be sent every time the host compute device102 connects to the MAUSB device 106. If the message does not provide aninstruction to initialize the session, the method 600 loops back to thebeginning of block 604 to continue monitoring for messages received fromthe host compute device 102. In some embodiments, the MAUSB device 102may send an error message to the host compute device 102 if anunexpected message (i.e., a message other than a message to initialize asession) is received. If the message received from the host computedevice 102 provides an initialization of the session, then the method600 advances to block 608.

In block 608, the MAUSB device 106 establishes a new MAUSB session withthe host compute device 102. After the establishment of the new MAUSBsession with the host compute device, the MAUSB device 106 enumeratesany number of MAUSB devices 106 and any number of USB devices 108 inblock 610. In other embodiments, the host compute device 102 mayenumerate the MAUSB devices 106 and USB devices 108. Alternatively, theenumeration may be performed by the combination of the host computedevice 102 and the MAUSB device 106. For example, in the case the MAUSBdevice 106 acts as a hub, the MAUSB device 106 may enumerate the USBdevices 108 connected to it and the host compute device 102 mayenumerate other MAUSB devices 106 and USB devices 108.

In block 612, the host compute device 102 uses the MAUSB device 106during normal operation. This may include the host compute device 102using the full USB tree enumeration as described above from the web ofMAUSB devices 106 and USB devices 108 that may be enumerated during thesession.

In block 614, the MAUSB device 106 determines if a sleep request isreceived form the host compute device 102. If a sleep request is notreceived, then the method 600 loops back to block 612 and continues thenormal operation. When the MAUSB device 106 receives a sleep requestthen the method 600 advances to block 616.

In block 616, the MAUSB device 106 sends a receipt of the sleep requestto the host compute device 102 to notify the host that the sleep requestis acknowledged. The MAUSB device 106 proceeds to enter the persistentinactive state in block 618. After the MAUSB device 106 enters thepersistent inactive state, the method 600 advances to block 620 wherethe link to the host compute device 102 is terminated. Even though thelink is ended, the session remains intact. In some embodiments, the linkto the host compute device 102 may remain active even when the MAUSBsession is in the persistent inactive state.

In block 622, the MAUSB device 106 establishes a link to the hostcompute device 102, which may happen after the host compute device 102has transitioned out of a sleep state. In block 624, the MAUSB device106 determines if it is connected to a different host. If the MAUSBdevice 106 is not connected to a different host, then the method 600branches off and continues to block 628. However, if it is determinedthat the MAUSB device 106 is connected to a different host, then themethod 600 advances to block 626.

In block 626, the MAUSB device 106 resets the internal state of theMAUSB device 106 to prepare for a session with the new host computedevice 102. After resetting the internal state of the MAUSB device 106,the method 600 returns to block 604 to determine if the MAUSB device 106has received a message from the new host compute device 102.

In block 628, the MAUSB device 106 determines if a message has beenreceived from the host compute device 102. If no message has beenreceived, the MAUSB device 106 loops back around to continue monitoringfor a received message. When there is a message received, the method 600advances to block 630.

In block 630, the MAUSB device 106 determines if the message receivedwas a wake request. If the message was not a wake request, then themethod 600 returns to block 626 to reset the internal state of the MAUSBdevice 106. In some embodiments, when the message is detected as not awake request, the MAUSB device 106 may send an error message to the hostcompute device 102. If, however, the message was a wake request, thenthe method 600 proceeds to block 634.

In block 634, the MAUSB device 106 continues the session of MAUSBdevices 106. The host compute device 102 may proceed to continue theprevious session before the transitioning to the sleep state.

In some embodiments, the MAUSB device 106 may execute a power cycle atany time during the method 600. As a result, the method 600 would returnto the block 602 to reestablish the link to the host compute device 102.Furthermore, the MAUSB device 106 may send an error message in responseto any wake request received from the host compute device 102. The hostcompute device 102 would subsequently terminate the session andreestablish the session with the MAUSB device 106 and any other USBdevices 108 in the full USB tree enumeration established in the previoussession.

It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the methods 400and/or 600 may be embodied as various instructions stored on acomputer-readable media, which may be executed by the processor 110, theI/O subsystem 114, and/or other components of the host compute device102 and by the processor 124, the I/O subsystem 128, and/or othercomponents of the MAUSB device 106 to cause the host compute device 102and/or the MAUSB device 106 to perform the respective method 400 and/or600 respectively. The computer-readable media may be embodied as anytype of media capable of being read by the host compute device 102 andMAUSB device 106 including, but not limited to, the memory 112 or 126,the data storage device 116 or 130, firmware devices, other memory ordata storage devices of the host compute device 102, portable mediareadable by a peripheral device 120 of the host compute device 102 or bya peripheral device 134 of the MAUSB device 106, and/or other media.

EXAMPLES

Illustrative examples of the technologies disclosed herein are providedbelow. An embodiment of the technologies may include any one or more,and any combination of, the examples described below.

Example 1 includes a compute device for operating a media agnosticuniversal serial bus (MAUSB) device, the compute device comprising alink connection manager to establish a link with the MAUSB device; a USBmanager to establish an MAUSB session with the MAUSB device; and a statemanager to receive a sleep command for the compute device, wherein theUSB manager is further to send, in response to receipt of the sleepcommand, a sleep request to the MAUSB device, wherein the linkconnection manager is further to terminate the link with the MAUSBdevice in response to receipt of the sleep command, wherein the statemanager is further to (i) transition, in response to receipt of thesleep command, the compute device into a sleep state; (ii) receive awake command for the compute device, and (iii) transition, in responseto receipt of the wake command, the state of the compute device from thesleep state to an active state, wherein the USB manager is further tosend, in response to receipt of the wake command, a wake request for theMAUSB device to the link connection manager, wherein the link connectionmanager is further to (i) reestablish the link with the MAUSB device,(ii) send the wake request to the MAUSB device, and (iii) receive aresponse to the wake request from the MAUSB device, and wherein the USBmanager is further to continue the MAUSB session with the MAUSB devicewhen the response to the wake request is an acceptance of the wakerequest, and wherein the USB manager is further to terminate the MAUSBsession when the response to the wake request is not an acceptance ofthe wake request.

Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1, and wherein the USBmanager is further to enumerate the MAUSB device subsequently toestablishment of the MAUSB session with the MAUSB device.

Example 3 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1 and 2, andwherein to enumerate the MAUSB device comprises to enumerate a full treeof USB devices for the MAUSB session.

Example 4 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-3, andwherein to transition the compute device into the sleep state comprisesto place the MAUSB session into a persistent inactive state.

Example 5 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-4, andwherein to send the wake request to the MAUSB device comprises to bufferthe wake request before the wake request is sent to the MAUSB device.

Example 6 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-5, andwherein the USB manager is further to establish a new MAUSB session witha new MAUSB device and terminate the MAUSB session with the MAUSBdevice.

Example 7 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-6, andwherein the USB manager is further to enumerate the new MAUSB devicesubsequently to establishment of the new MAUSB session with the newMAUSB device.

Example 8 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-7, andwherein to enumerate the MAUSB device comprises to enumerate a full treeof USB devices for the new MAUSB session.

Example 9 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-8, andwherein the USB manager is further to establish a new MASUB session withthe MAUSB device in response to termination of the MAUSB session whenthe response to the wake request is not an acceptance of the wakerequest.

Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-9, andwherein the USB manager is further to enumerate the MAUSB device inresponse to establishment of the new MAUSB session with the MAUSBdevice.

Example 11 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 1-10, andwherein to enumerate the MAUSB device comprises to enumerate a full treeof USB devices for the new MAUSB session.

Example 12 includes a media agnostic universal serial bus (MAUSB)device, the MAUSB device comprising a link connection manager toestablish a link with a host compute device; and a host manager toestablish an MAUSB session with the host compute device; wherein thelink connection manager is further to (i) receive a sleep request forthe MAUSB device from the host compute device, (i) terminate the linkwith the host compute device, (iii) reestablish the link with the hostcompute device after termination of the link, and (iv) receive a messagefrom the host compute device after reestablishment of the link, andwherein the host manager is further to send an acceptance to the messageto the host compute device if the message is a wake request, and whereinthe host manager is further to send an error to the message to the hostcompute device if the message is not a wake request.

Example 13 includes the subject matter of Example 12, and wherein thehost manager is further to wait for a message from the host computedevice to initialize the session subsequent to the establishment of thelink to the host compute device.

Example 14 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12 and 13, andwherein the MAUSB device further comprises a USB manager to enumerateone or more USB devices subsequent to the establishment of the sessionwith the host compute device.

Example 15 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-14, andwherein the host manager is further to place the MAUSB session into apersistent inactive state.

Example 16 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-15, andwherein the link connection manager is further to establish a new linkwith a new host compute device.

Example 17 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-16, andwherein the host manager is further to wait for a message from the newhost compute device to initialize the session subsequent to theestablishment of the new link to the new host compute device.

Example 18 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-17, andwherein the state manager is further to reset an internal state of theMAUSB device subsequent to establishment of the new link to the new hostcompute device.

Example 19 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 12-18, andwherein the state manager is further to reset an internal state of theMAUSB device subsequent to the identification the message is not a wakerequest.

Example 20 includes a method for operating a media agnostic universalserial bus (MAUSB) device by a compute device, the method comprisingestablishing, by the compute device, a link with the MAUSB device;establishing, by the compute device, an MAUSB session with the MAUSBdevice; receiving, by the compute device, a sleep command for thecompute device; sending, by the compute device, a sleep request to theMAUSB device in response to receiving the sleep command; terminating, bythe compute device, the link with the MAUSB device in response toreceiving the sleep command; transitioning, by the compute device, thecompute device into a sleep state in response to receiving the sleepcommand; receiving, by the compute device, a wake command for thecompute device; transitioning, by the compute device, the state of thecompute device from the sleep state to an active state in response toreceiving the wake command; sending, by the compute device, a wakerequest to the MAUSB device; reestablishing, by the compute device, thelink with the MAUSB device; receiving, at the compute device, a responseto the wake request from the MAUSB device; continuing, by the computedevice, the MAUSB session with the MAUSB device if the response to thewake request is an acceptance of the wake request; and terminating, bythe compute device, the MAUSB session with the MAUSB device if theresponse to the wake request is not an acceptance of the wake request.

Example 21 includes the subject matter of Example 20, and furtherincluding enumerating the MAUSB device subsequently to establishing theMAUSB session with the MAUSB device.

Example 22 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20 and 21, andwherein enumerating the MAUSB device comprises enumerating a full treeof USB devices for the MAUSB session.

Example 23 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-22, andwherein transitioning into the sleep state comprises placing the MAUSBsession into a persistent inactive state with the MAUSB device.

Example 24 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-23, andwherein sending the wake request to the MAUSB device comprises bufferingthe wake request prior to sending the wake request to the MAUSB device.

Example 25 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-24, andfurther including establishing a new MAUSB session with a new MAUSBdevice and terminating the MAUSB session with the MAUSB device.

Example 26 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-25, andfurther including enumerating the new MAUSB device subsequently toestablishment of the new MAUSB session with the new MAUSB device.

Example 27 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-26, andwherein enumerating the new MAUSB device comprises enumerating a fulltree of USB devices for the new MAUSB session.

Example 28 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-27, andfurther including establishing a new MAUSB session with the MAUSB devicein response to terminating the session when the response to the wakerequest is not an acceptance of the wake request.

Example 29 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-28, andfurther including enumerating the MAUSB device in response toestablishing the new MAUSB session with the MAUSB device.

Example 30 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 20-29, andwherein enumerating the MAUSB device comprises enumerating a full treeof USB devices for the new MAUSB session.

Example 31 includes a method for operating a media agnostic universalserial bus (MAUSB) device with a host compute device, the methodcomprising establishing, by the MAUSB device, a link with the hostcompute device; establishing, by the MAUSB device, an MAUSB session withthe host compute device; receiving, by the MAUSB device, a sleep requestfor the MAUSB device from the host compute device; terminating, by theMAUSB device, the link with the host compute device; reestablishing, bythe MAUSB device, the link with the host compute device aftertermination of the link; receiving, by the MAUSB device, a message fromthe host compute device after reestablishing the link; sending, by theMAUSB device, an acceptance to the message to the host compute device ifthe message is a wake request; and sending, by the MAUSB device, anerror to the message to the host compute device if the message is not awake request.

Example 32 includes the subject matter of Example 31, and furtherincluding waiting for a message from the host compute device toinitialize the session subsequent to establishing the link to the hostcompute device.

Example 33 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 31 and 32, andfurther including enumerating one or more USB devices subsequent toestablishing the session with the host compute device.

Example 34 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 31-33, andfurther including placing the MAUSB session into a persistent inactivestate.

Example 35 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 31-34, andfurther including establishing a new link with a new host computedevice.

Example 36 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 31-35, andfurther including waiting for a message from the new host compute deviceto initialize the session subsequent to establishing the new link to thenew host compute device.

Example 37 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 31-36, andfurther including resetting an internal state of the MAUSB devicesubsequent to establishing the new link to the new compute device.

Example 38 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 31-37, andfurther including resetting an internal state of the MAUSB devicesubsequent to identifying the message is not a wake request.

Example 39 includes one or more machine readable storage mediacomprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that in responseto being executed result in a compute device performing the method ofany of Examples 20-38.

Example 40 includes a compute device for operating a media agnosticuniversal serial bus (MAUSB) device, the compute device comprising meansfor establishing a link with the MAUSB device; means for establishing anMAUSB session with the MAUSB device; means for receiving a sleep commandfor the compute device; means for sending a sleep request to the MAUSBdevice in response to receiving the sleep command; means for terminatingthe link with the MAUSB device in response to receiving the sleepcommand; means for transitioning the compute device into a sleep statein response to receiving the sleep command; means for receiving a wakecommand for the compute device; means for transitioning the state of thecompute device from the sleep state to an active state in response toreceiving the wake command; means for sending a wake request to theMAUSB device; means for reestablishing the link with the MAUSB device;means for receiving, at the compute device, a response to the wakerequest from the MAUSB device; means for continuing the MAUSB sessionwith the MAUSB device if the response to the wake request is anacceptance of the wake request; and means for terminating the MAUSBsession with the MAUSB device if the response to the wake request is notan acceptance of the wake request.

Example 41 includes the subject matter of Example 40, and furtherincluding means for enumerating the MAUSB device subsequently toestablishing the MAUSB session with the MAUSB device.

Example 42 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40 and 41, andwherein the means for enumerating the MAUSB device comprises means forenumerating a full tree of USB devices for the MAUSB session.

Example 43 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-42, andwherein the means for transitioning into the sleep state comprises meansfor placing the MAUSB session into a persistent inactive state with theMAUSB device.

Example 44 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-43, andwherein the means for sending the wake request to the MAUSB devicecomprises means for buffering the wake request prior to sending the wakerequest to the MAUSB device.

Example 45 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-44, andfurther including means for establishing a new MAUSB session with a newMAUSB device and means for terminating the MAUSB session with the MAUSBdevice.

Example 46 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-45, andfurther including means for enumerating the new MAUSB devicesubsequently to establishment of the new MAUSB session with the newMAUSB device.

Example 47 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-46, andwherein the means for enumerating the new MAUSB device comprises meansfor enumerating a full tree of USB devices for the new MAUSB session.

Example 48 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-47, andfurther including means for establishing a new MAUSB session with theMAUSB device in response to terminating the session when the response tothe wake request is not an acceptance of the wake request.

Example 49 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-48, andfurther including means for enumerating the MAUSB device in response toestablishing the new MAUSB session with the MAUSB device.

Example 50 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 40-49, andwherein the means for enumerating the MAUSB device comprises means forenumerating a full tree of USB devices for the new MAUSB session.

Example 51 includes a compute device comprising a processor; and amemory having stored therein a plurality of instructions that whenexecuted by the processor cause the compute device to perform the methodof any of Examples 9-16.

Example 52 includes one or more machine readable storage mediacomprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that in responseto being executed result in a compute device performing the method ofany of Examples 31-38.

Example 53 includes a media agnostic universal serial bus (MAUSB)device, the MAUSB device comprising means for establishing a link withthe host compute device; means for establishing an MAUSB session withthe host compute device; means for receiving a sleep request for theMAUSB device from the host compute device; means for terminating thelink with the host compute device; means for reestablishing the linkwith the host compute device after termination of the link; means forreceiving a message from the host compute device after reestablishingthe link; means for sending an acceptance to the message to the hostcompute device if the message is a wake request; and means for sendingan error to the message to the host compute device if the message is nota wake request.

Example 54 includes the subject matter of Example 53, and furtherincluding means for waiting for a message from the host compute deviceto initialize the session subsequent to establishing the link to thehost compute device.

Example 55 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 53 and 54, andfurther including means for enumerating one or more USB devicessubsequent to establishing the session with the host compute device.

Example 56 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 53-55, andfurther including means for placing the MAUSB session into a persistentinactive state.

Example 57 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 53-56, andfurther including means for establishing a new link with a new hostcompute device.

Example 58 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 53-57, andfurther including means for waiting for a message from the new hostcompute device to initialize the session subsequent to establishing thenew link to the new host compute device.

Example 59 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 53-58, andfurther including means for resetting an internal state of the MAUSBdevice subsequent to establishing the new link to the new computedevice.

Example 60 includes the subject matter of any of Examples 53-59, andfurther including means for resetting an internal state of the MAUSBdevice subsequent to identifying the message is not a wake request.

1-20. (canceled)
 21. A compute device for operating a media agnosticuniversal serial bus (MAUSB) device, the compute device comprising: alink connection manager to establish a link with the MAUSB device; auniversal serial bus (USB) manager to establish an MAUSB session withthe MAUSB device; an enumeration manager to perform an enumeration ofthe MAUSB device; and a state manager to receive a sleep command for thecompute device, wherein the USB manager is to send, in response toreceipt of the sleep command, a sleep request to the MAUSB device,wherein the link connection manager is to terminate the link with theMAUSB device in response to receipt of the sleep command, wherein theUSB manager is to maintain, after termination of the link with the MAUSBdevice, the MAUSB session and the enumeration of the MAUSB device. 22.The compute device of claim 21, wherein the link with the MAUSB deviceis a WI-FI network link.
 23. The compute device of claim 21, wherein thelink with the MAUSB device is a BLUETOOTH network link.
 24. The computedevice of claim 21, wherein the link with the MAUSB device is anEthernet network link, an INFINIBAND network link, a BLUETOOTH networklink, a WI-FI network link, a WiMAX network link, a 3G network link, ora 4G LTE network link.
 25. The compute device of claim 21, wherein thestate manager is to (i) transition, in response to receipt of the sleepcommand, the compute device into a sleep state; (ii) receive a wakecommand for the compute device, and (iii) transition, in response toreceipt of the wake command, the state of the compute device from thesleep state to an active state, wherein to maintain the MAUSB sessionand the enumeration of the MAUSB device comprises to maintain the MAUSBsession and the enumeration of the MAUSB device while the compute deviceis in the sleep state.
 26. The compute device of claim 25, wherein theUSB manager is to send, in response to receipt of a wake command andafter termination of the link with the MAUSB device, a wake request forthe MAUSB device to the link connection manager, wherein the linkconnection manager is further to (i) reestablish the link with the MAUSBdevice in response to receipt of the wake request, (ii) send the wakerequest to the MAUSB device, and (iii) receive a response to the wakerequest from the MAUSB device.
 27. A media agnostic universal serial bus(MAUSB) device, the MAUSB device comprising: a link connection managerto establish a link with a host compute device; and a host manager toestablish an MAUSB session with the host compute device; wherein thelink connection manager is further to (i) receive a sleep request forthe MAUSB device from the host compute device, (ii) terminate the linkwith the host compute device without termination of the MAUSB session,(iii) maintain the MAUSB session after termination of the link andbefore reestablishment of the link, (iv) reestablish the link with thehost compute device after termination of the link, and (v) receive amessage from the host compute device after reestablishment of the link,and wherein the host manager is further to send an acceptance to themessage to the host compute device and resume the MAUSB session if themessage is a wake request, and wherein the host manager is further tosend an error to the message to the host compute device if the messageis not a wake request.
 28. The MAUSB device of claim 27, wherein thelink with the MAUSB device is a WI-FI network link.
 29. The MAUSB deviceof claim 27, wherein the link with the MAUSB device is a BLUETOOTHnetwork link.
 30. The MAUSB device of claim 27, wherein the link withthe MAUSB device is an Ethernet network link, an INFINIBAND networklink, a BLUETOOTH network link, a WI-FI network link, a WiMAX networklink, a 3G network link, or a 4G LTE network link.
 31. The MAUSB deviceof claim 27, wherein the host manager is further to wait for a messagefrom the host compute device to initialize the session subsequent to theestablishment of the link to the host compute device.
 32. The MAUSBdevice of claim 27, wherein the MAUSB device further comprises auniversal serial bus (USB) manager to enumerate one or more USB devicessubsequent to the establishment of the session with the host computedevice.
 33. The MAUSB device of claim 27, wherein the host manager isfurther to place the MAUSB session into a persistent inactive state. 34.One or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising aplurality of instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause acompute device to: establish a link with a media agnostic universalserial bus (MAUSB) device; establish an MAUSB session with the MAUSBdevice; perform an enumeration of the MAUSB device; receive a sleepcommand for the compute device; send, in response to receipt of thesleep command, a sleep request to the MAUSB device; terminate the linkwith the MAUSB device in response to receipt of the sleep command; andmaintain, after termination of the link with the MAUSB device, the MAUSBsession and the enumeration of the MAUSB device.
 35. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 34, wherein the linkwith the MAUSB device is a WI-FI network link.
 36. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 34, wherein the linkwith the MAUSB device is a BLUETOOTH network link.
 37. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 34, wherein the linkwith the MAUSB device is an Ethernet network link, an INFINIBAND networklink, a BLUETOOTH network link, a WI-FI network link, a WiMAX networklink, a 3G network link, or a 4G LTE network link.
 38. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 34, wherein theplurality of instructions further causes the compute device to:transition, in response to receipt of the sleep command, the computedevice into a sleep state; receive a wake command for the computedevice; and transition, in response to receipt of the wake command, thestate of the compute device from the sleep state to an active state,wherein to maintain the MAUSB session and the enumeration of the MAUSBdevice comprises to maintain the MAUSB session and the enumeration ofthe MAUSB device while the compute device is in the sleep state.
 39. Theone or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 38, whereinthe plurality of instructions further causes the compute device to:send, in response to receipt of a wake command and after termination ofthe link with the MAUSB device, a wake request for the MAUSB device tothe link connection manager; reestablish the link with the MAUSB devicein response to receipt of the wake request; send the wake request to theMAUSB device; and receive a response to the wake request from the MAUSBdevice.
 40. One or more non-transitory computer-readable mediacomprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that, whenexecuted, cause a media agnostic universal serial bus (MAUSB) device to:establish a link with a host compute device; establish an MAUSB sessionwith the host compute device; receive a sleep request for the MAUSBdevice from the host compute device; terminate the link with the hostcompute device without termination of the MAUSB session; maintain theMAUSB session after termination of the link and before reestablishmentof the link; reestablish the link with the host compute device aftertermination of the link; receive a message from the host compute deviceafter reestablishment of the link; send an acceptance to the message tothe host compute device and resume the MAUSB session if the message is awake request; and send an error to the message to the host computedevice if the message is not a wake request.
 41. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 40, wherein the linkwith the MAUSB device is a WI-FI network link.
 42. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 40, wherein the linkwith the MAUSB device is a BLUETOOTH network link.
 43. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 40, wherein the linkwith the MAUSB device is an Ethernet network link, an INFINIBAND networklink, a BLUETOOTH network link, a WI-FI network link, a WiMAX networklink, a 3G network link, or a 4G LTE network link.
 44. The one or morenon-transitory computer-readable media of claim 40, wherein theplurality of instructions further causes the MAUSB device to wait for amessage from the host compute device to initialize the sessionsubsequent to the establishment of the link to the host compute device.45. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 40,wherein the plurality of instructions further causes the MAUSB device toenumerate one or more universal serial bus (USB) devices subsequent tothe establishment of the session with the host compute device.